Ibikoresho fatizo byubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko bwuruganda rwa electro-acoustic PCB rufite gusa umuringa wumuringa kumpande zombi, naho hagati ni urwego rukingira, bityo ntibakeneye kwitwara neza hagati yimpande ebyiri cyangwa imirongo myinshi y'akanama k'umuzunguruko?Nigute imirongo kumpande zombi ishobora guhuzwa hamwe kugirango ikigende neza? Hasi, nyamuneka reba amashanyarazi Uruganda rwa PCB gusesengura ubu buryo bwubumaji kuri wewe - kurohama umuringa (PTH). Immersion umuringa ni impfunyapfunyo ya Eletcroless Plating Copper, izwi kandi nka Plated Through Hole, mu magambo ahinnye yitwa PTH, ni reaction ya autocatalytic redox reaction.Nyuma yo gutoborwa ibice bibiri cyangwa ibice byinshi, inzira ya PTH irakorwa. Uruhare rwa PTH: Ku mwobo w’urukuta rudafite imiyoboro yacukuwe, hashyizweho urwego ruto rwumuringa w’imiti rushyirwa mu rwego rwa shimi kugira ngo rukorwe n’ubushakashatsi bw’umuringa nyuma. Kwangirika kwa PTH: kwangirika kwa alkaline → icyiciro cya kabiri cyangwa icyiciro cya gatatu cyoguswera → coarsening (micro-etching) → icyiciro cya kabiri cyo gukaraba → presoak → gukora
PTH ibisobanuro birambuye kubisobanuro: 1. Kugabanuka kwa alkaline: kuvanaho amavuta, igikumwe, okiside, n ivumbi mumyenge;hindura urukuta rwa pore kuva muburyo bubi kugeza kumurongo mwiza, bikaba byoroshye kuri adsorption ya pallodium ya colloidal muburyo bukurikira;Isuku nyuma yo gutesha agaciro igomba gukurikiza byimazeyo umurongo ngenderwaho Kora ikizamini hamwe nigeragezwa ryumuringa wumuringa. 2. Micro-etching: kuvanaho okiside hejuru yubuyobozi, gukomeretsa hejuru yurubaho, no kwemeza imbaraga zihuza hagati yumuringa wokwibira hamwe numuringa wo hasi wa substrate;ubuso bushya bw'umuringa bufite ibikorwa bikomeye kandi burashobora neza adsorb colloids palladium; 3. Mbere yo kwibiza: Ni ukurinda cyane cyane ikigega cya palladium kwanduza amazi yikigega cyo kwitegura no kongera igihe cyakazi cya tank ya palladium.Ibice byingenzi ni bimwe n’ibigega bya palladium usibye palladium chloride, ishobora guhanagura neza urukuta rw’umwobo kandi ikorohereza gukora nyuma y’amazi.Injira umwobo mugihe cyo gukora bihagije kandi neza; 4. Gukora: Nyuma yoguhindura polarite ya alkaline yangiza imyiteguro, inkuta za pore zishyizwemo neza zirashobora gukuramo neza uduce duto twa pallodium pallodium zuzuye nabi kugirango habeho uburinganire, ubudahwema hamwe nuburinganire bwimvura ikurikiraho;Kubwibyo, gutesha agaciro no gukora ni ngombwa cyane kubwiza bwo guta umuringa nyuma.Ingingo zo kugenzura: igihe cyagenwe;ion isanzwe hamwe na chloride ion yibanze;uburemere bwihariye, acide n'ubushyuhe nabyo ni ngombwa cyane, kandi bigomba kugenzurwa cyane ukurikije amabwiriza y'ibikorwa. 5. Gutesha agaciro: kuvanaho ion zometseho zometse hanze ya selile ya palladium ya pallodium kugirango ugaragaze intandaro ya palladium mubice bya colloidal kugirango uhindure neza kandi neza neza imvura igwa kumuringa.Ubunararibonye bwerekana ko ari byiza gukoresha aside fluoroboric nka agent de degumming.Guhitamo. 6. Imvura y'umuringa: Imvura itagira amashanyarazi ya autocatalytic reaction iterwa no gukora nucleus ya palladium.Umuringa mushya wa chimique hamwe nigisubizo cya hydrogène biva mu bicuruzwa birashobora gukoreshwa nkibisubizo byoguhindura ibisubizo, kugirango imvura yimvura ikomeze.Nyuma yo gutunganyirizwa muri iyi ntambwe, urwego rwumuringa rushobora gushyirwa hejuru yurubaho cyangwa kurukuta.Mugihe cyibikorwa, amazi yo kwiyuhagira agomba kubikwa munsi yumuyaga usanzwe kugirango uhindure umuringa uhwanye cyane.
Ubwiza bwibikorwa byo kwibiza umuringa bifitanye isano itaziguye nubwiza bwibibaho byumuzunguruko.Nibikorwa nyamukuru inzira ya vias ikennye, ifunguye kandi ngufi, kandi ntabwo byoroshye kugenzura neza.Inzira ikurikira irashobora kugenzurwa gusa nubushakashatsi bwangiza.Isesengura ryiza no gukurikirana a ikibaho kimwe cya PCB , igihe rero ikibazo kibaye, kigomba kuba ikibazo cyicyiciro, nubwo ikizamini kidashobora kurangira, ibicuruzwa byanyuma bizatera akaga gakomeye guhishe ubuziranenge, kandi birashobora gukurwaho mubice, bityo bigomba gukoreshwa cyane ukurikije ibipimo by'amabwiriza y'ibikorwa. 
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